HEALTH Conspiracy

Sunday, March 29, 2020

Corona Virus pada Hewan Peliharaan

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By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div>
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Sering banget ada yg tanya ke dokter: </div>
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1. Dok kucing punya virus corona ga si? 
2. Dokter jelasin ada, terus gimana dok? 
3. Nular dong? 
4. Engga dong?</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcnXfciUSB9DjK7n7qElvdV2fkEPavx9C6cRTsVsUtWRQ6h0e3Afglk3xJL1n1RQ-B7GbseCeqFfPRXwMczzRZUe43dxboczx2YZ1IrjF6Y3Mr0284Xv9K2vl7PwASPLxdBdCsRy0abxs/s1600/IMG_20200328_092527.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1600" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcnXfciUSB9DjK7n7qElvdV2fkEPavx9C6cRTsVsUtWRQ6h0e3Afglk3xJL1n1RQ-B7GbseCeqFfPRXwMczzRZUe43dxboczx2YZ1IrjF6Y3Mr0284Xv9K2vl7PwASPLxdBdCsRy0abxs/s320/IMG_20200328_092527.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Jadi corona virus itu dalam tantanan nomerklatur tingkatan family coronaviridae, nah untuk genusnya ada 4 bagian genus yang mindok tau ada alpa, beta, gama dan delta corona virus. </div>
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Untuk spesies virusnya sendiri juga banyak per genus nya, seperti yang ada pada bagan ini, untuk spesies alfacoronavirus yang ada pada kucing ada 2 (brdasarkan beberapa jurnal) ada FECV ( menyeramg sistem pencernaan)  tidak terlalu berbahaya namun bisa bermutasi sehingga membahayakan jika tidak segera ditangani dan FIP (peradangan pada pembungkus perut / peritonium sehingga perut menjadi besar berisi cairan) lebih berbahaya dan menyebabkan banyak kasus kematian pada kucing.</div>
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Jenis corona virus pada kucing juga sangat mudah menular pada kucing yang tinggal bersamaan seperti cattery dan shelter  serta dapat beresiko tinggi terhadap penyebaran virus ini. Sehingga menjaga kenersihan dan sanitasi kandang serta alat pemberian pakan mutlak diperlukan. 
Tapi eits, ini gk nular ke manusia kok. </div>
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Untuk anjing sendiri ada juga namanya canine corona virus. 
Virus ini punya 2 tipe yaitu tipe 1 dan 2 namun yang paling berbahaya adalah tipe 1 ccov sendiri memiliki gejala yang mirip dengan parvo virus yang dapat merusak villi usus sehingga terjadi radang pada sistem pencernaan sehingga dibutuhkan uji laboratorium untuk memastikan, 
Kedua dari golongan betacorona virus yaitu canine respiratory coronavirus atau sering disebut kennel cough, menyerang sistem pernafasan 
Dan tidak menular ke manusia juga</div>
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Sehingga dapat disimpulkan  bahwa jenis corona virus pada hewan kesayangan anjing dan kucing berbeda spesies dengan corona pada manusia ya.</div>
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Tapi tetap selalu cuci tangan setelah memegang anabulmu ya dan jaga selalu kesehatan mu dan anabulmu .. 😘😘🤗</div>
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#nemudigoogle #google.com 
#djendralangela #stayathome #workfromhome #dirumahaja #ngajedok 
Silahkan share ya</div>

By djendrals Sering banget ada yg tanya ke dokter: 1. Dok kucing punya virus corona ga si? 2. Dokter jelasin ada, terus gimana dok? ...

Monday, September 23, 2013

PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTION OF WOMEN IN SEXUAL RELATIONSHIP

<div>By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div>The first reaction in women who experience sexual stimulation is produced sap mucus vagina, labia enlargement, lengthening and widening of the vagina. These changes are temporary and rarely last long after orgasm. Vaginal mucus is the result of transudation (sweating phenomenon) across the vagina, where the production will stop when sexual stimulation disappeared, eventually sap dries quickly (Budiyanto, 1997). 
 
The hymen is usually torn at first sexual intercourse. However, sexual intercourse can also occur without causing damage to the hymen, the vaginal introitus when wide enough. Clinical study results showed that the pain usually arises at the time of the deflorasi, but bleeding arise, either from fourchet hymen or very little. The absence of bleeding suggests also that the strain has undergone vaginal introitus without any rips, or tears occur in avascular tissue (Budiyanto, 1997). 
 
Deflorasi evidence can not always be found. Minimal found a small tear in the hymen that does not extend to the peripheral. May also be found a small tear that has healed due to the use of tampons in the vagina. In addition, the hymen can also be torn by a finger or other object (Budiyanto, 1997). 
 
Absence of a tear in the hymen, does not mean that the woman is not going penile penetration, otherwise the rips just a sign of something blunt object into the vagina. The process of healing from a torn hymen is generally achieved within 7-10 days after penetration occurs (Knight, 1991; Idries, 1997). 
 
During intercourse, during ejaculation, the semen will fill the vaginal canal. Position changes in women can cause semen out again and makes stain on pubic hair, perineum, upper thighs, as well as sheets or underwear. Ejaculation outside the vagina can lead to deposit semen in various parts of the body (Idries, 1997). 
 
After ejaculation occurs, the sperm in the vagina can still move within the next 4-5 hours. Sperm that do not move are still to be found until about 24-36 hours after ejaculation. Although victims (women) have died, sperm can still be found up to 7-8 days (Idries, 1991). 
 
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By djendrals The first reaction in women who experience sexual stimulation is produced sap mucus vagina, labia enlargement, lengthening and...

Thursday, September 19, 2013

HEART DISORDER SYMPTOMS (Hepatitis C)

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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Liver
disorder itself it is diversified, with the number of patients was small. Number
of people with hepatitis C only about 3% of the population. Not
to mention the hepatitis A and B, which are more numerous. Especially
when coupled with fatty liver, cirrhosis, drug intoxication, liver fibrosis,
and other diseases that her name not so familiar.
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Diseases was generally characterized by an increase in SGOT-SGPT numbers. However,
the two enzymes was not 100% produced by the liver. A
small portion is also produced by muscle cells, heart, pancreas, and kidneys. That
is why, when muscle cells are damaged, the two levels of this enzyme increases. </div>
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Damage to the muscle cells can be caused by many things, such as strenuous
physical activity, injury, trauma, or even scrapings. When
we got the intramuscular injection (injection via the muscle tissue), muscle
cells can have a bit of damage and increase the levels of transaminase enzymes. In
short, there are many factors that can cause an increase in SGOT-SGPT. </div>
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Compared with SGOT, SGPT is more specific liver cells showed irregularities,
because only a small SGPT produced by cells nonliver. Typically,
factors not nonliver SGOT-SGPT increase drastically. Generally,
less than 100% exceeded the upper limit of normal (BAN). For
example, if BAN alanine aminotransferase levels were 65 units / liter (U / l),
the increase was due to play football usually doubled. </div>
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If levels exceed twice, the sign began red light to watch. Do
not be "hurt" if doctors suspect we suffer heartache. BAN
itself can vary between laboratories.
If ever a blood test
in two different labs, and beyond the upper limit of normal (BAN) are
different, you do not have to wonder.
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"The upper limit of normal depending on the reagents and equipment used. In
certain hospitals, BAN can SGPT levels 40 u / l, but in other clinics may 65 u
/ l. It's just a matter of technical
inspection. That's why, we can not express the
level of SGOT-SGPT of absolute numbers, but of the relative value (compared to
surpass the upper limit of normal "BAN"). </div>
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SGOT-SGPT are two transaminase enzymes are produced mainly by the liver cells. When
liver cells are damaged, for example in the case of hepatitis or cirrhosis,
usually two levels of this enzyme increases.
Hence, by the results
of laboratory tests, both considered to illustrate a disturbance in the heart. </div>
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SGOT-SGPT
were slightly above normal does not necessarily indicate someone is sick. It
could have happened is not due to an increase in liver disorders. "If
we play ball after a blood test or scrapings, SGOT-SGPT very likely we will go
up," said dr. Rino A.
Gani, Sp.PD-KGEH,
hepatolog Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta. 
SGOT-SGPT levels are also easy up and down.
Maybe when examined,
the levels are high. But after that, he was back to normal. In
others, may now be examined, the levels were normal, but usually it high. Therefore,
a single examination alone can not be used as actual argument to make
conclusions.</div>
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Planned suicide</div>
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As with other organs, the liver has a
defense mechanism. When attacked by a virus, he tried to
resist. If defeated, he had two choices: fight
to the death or suicide. On hepatitis A and B, the liver took
the first option, to fight to the death.
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Once the liver cells die, the walls collapsed and eventually liver becomes
inflamed. This condition causes increased
SGOT-SGPT levels in the blood. Because the levels
are elevated, doctors diagnose more easily.
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But
in hepatitis C, more complex affairs.
Not all liver cells
still responded to defeat by fighting to the death. Others
in a planned suicide. In medical terms it is called apotosis
(programmed cell death). Suicide event is not without purpose. With
suicide, liver cells try to "kill" the virus indirectly. </div>
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One of the weaknesses of the virus, which does not have its own mechanism in
the breed. They are bred by utilizing the
mechanism of living cells of other living creatures. In
the case of hepatitis, carrying cells are liver cells. With
suicide, trying to make viral liver cells can not proliferate. </div>
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From
suicide, liver cells do not rupture, but shrinking. What
followed instead of the inflammatory process, but shrinking. Because
the liver is not inflamed, ALT levels were not affected. That's
what causes people with hepatitis C may have normal ALT levels, even though he
has suffered a chronic illness. It's also what makes
the doctor must repeatedly adjusted his glasses, because the diagnosis is
difficult. </div>
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Need another test
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SGOT-SGPT
only describes the level of damage to the liver cells. Both
of the other enzymes can not describe the level of ability of liver cells to
regenerate themselves. Under normal conditions, the body's
cells have the ability to regenerate.
If defective, they
will replace it with new cells. Regeneration ability
is what will offset cell damage.
Things that are not
reflected in the results of tests SGOT-SGPT.
It could be someone
SGOT-SGPT increased to above normal, but the liver was not actually in a state
hospital, because the cells that have died immediately replaced by new cells. </div>
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Although SGOT-SGPT increase could be due to many factors, increasing both
should remain wary. Throughout still have two eyes, we can
not look at him with one eye. Although only
slightly above normal too, the cause must be traced, to be sure there is no
disease that attacks. Levels above the normal so we should
suspect the sign of a disturbance in the heart.
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On
hepatitis C, if the SGPT to exceed twice the upper limit of normal (BAN), the
hepatolog agreed to take therapeutic action.
For the case of
normal ALT levels or slightly above BAN, differences of sect. The
first approach requires immediate treatment.
The second school of
thought, the patient should be closely monitored before treatment. 
During the monitoring period, patients should be 4-5 times to go to the lab to
undergo liver function tests every 1-2 months.
Liver function tests
here is not just a test SGOT and SGPT.
There are many other
components of blood chemistry that needs to be checked. To
be sure, doctors need to do a biopsy.
A small segment of
the liver tissue samples taken for examination by microscope. If
the results of the examination showed normal values, patients may be a little
relieved. He just needs to control for another
year. However, if the circuit examination
showed the patient had been hurt, he should be encouraged to undergo therapy. </div>
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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause liver damage.
HCV infection is
spread primarily by direct contact of blood-to-blood. Most
people infected with hepatitis C through injecting drug use with shared needles
interchangeably. Up to 90% of people who ever injected
drugs, even once, was infected with HCV.
Some people are also
infected with HCV through unprotected sex.
This risk is
especially high for men who have sex with men, people with other sexually
transmitted infections, people with multiple sex partners, and those who
perform a sexual activity that causes bleeding, for example, put your hand on
the anal (fisting). HCV can also be transmitted by
tattooing equipment. Some people are also infected in health
facilities, through inadvertently punctured with needles or other instruments
that are not sterile. HCV can also be transmitted through
blood transfusion, although blood donors in Indonesia screened for HCV. </div>
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Hepatitis C treatment as early as possible is very important. Although
your body has to fight against infection, but only 15% were successful, the treatment
is still needed to prevent chronic hepatitis C and helps reduce the possibility
of a broken heart. 
Sometimes, the treatment of hepatitis C requires a long time, and can not help. But
because the disease can become severe over time, it is important to seek the
right treatment from your doctor.
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Early diagnosis and treatment is urgent and important. A
significant percentage of people who do it can recover from Hepatitis C and
showed his improvement. Goal of treatment is to eliminate the
Hepatitis C virus from your body as early as possible to prevent the
development of worsening and end stage liver disease. 
Course of the disease is indeed impressive sinister disease. But
according to doctors Superior Budihusodo, SpPD, of subsection Hepatology, University
of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine, patients with hepatitis C can be cured if
diagnosed and treated early. Moreover, the
development of hepatitis to cirrhosis or liver cancer may take a dozen to tens
of years. </div>
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"When
patients infected with hepatitis C virus was detected at a young age and get
immediate treatment, the chance of recovery is quite large, up to 80
percent," said Dr. Excellence in Hepatitis C Issues seminar in Indonesia,
which was held in Jakarta some time ago.
 
Leading doctors say, there are several factors that influence the success of
drug therapies, namely the type of virus, the amount of virus in the body, the
patient's age, condition of liver disease, when therapy is initiated, as well
as patient compliance in therapy.
"Patients who are
younger generally greater chances of recovery," he said. In
addition, patients infected with hepatitis C virus type 2 and type 3 were
successfully cured many. "Unfortunately, the type of virus
that many in our country are type 1 is more stubborn," he said. To
determine the genotype of the virus, patients are required to do blood tests. </div>
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This
virus genotype will determine the course of treatment that should be done. Patients
with hepatitis C virus type 2 and 3 only require treatment for 6 months. Whereas
patients with type 1 virus must take medication for 12 months. </div>
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Liver disease experts today recommend combination therapy of interferon and an
antiviral drug called ribavirin as the best choice of drugs for hepatitis C. This
drug is injected once a week for several months depending on the genotype of
the virus. Most forms of Interferon Alfa
could only last one day but can be modified through Pegylation process to make
it last longer. Although interferon alfa can be used as
a single drug, including hepatitis C pegylated interferon, showed more
effective when combined with anti-viral ribavirin. </div>
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3 (three) compounds
used in the treatment of Hepatitis C are:</div>
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<li>Alfa interferon is a protein made naturally by the human body to boost the immune system / immunity and regulate the function of other cells. Recommended drugs for chronic hepatitis C is of interferon Alfa can be in the form of natural or synthetic. </li>
<li>Pegylated Interferon Alfa, made by combining water-soluble molecules called "Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)" with interferon alpha molecule. This modification of interferon alpha longer exist in the body, and studies have shown more effective in making a response to the virus survive from chronic hepatitis C patients compared to interferon alfa usual.</li>
<li>Ribavirin is an antiviral medicine that is used with interferon alfa for chronic hepatitis C treatment. Ribavirin alone is not effective when used against the Hepatitis C virus, but with a combination of interferon alfa, is more effective than interferon alfa alone.</li>
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This
treatment has been accepted by the ability to generate a response against the
virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C disease. Patient
is said to have a response against the virus if the number of Hepatitis C virus
is so low that it was undetectable in standard tests Hepatitis C virus RNA and
if the level remains undetectable for more than 6 months after treatment is
completed. </div>
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Source: </div>
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 </div>
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http://kesehatan.kompas.com/read/2009/10/23/11194643/ 
http://medicastore.com/hepatitis_c/pengobatan_hepatitis_c.htm 
http://spiritia.or.id/li/bacali.php?lino=506</div>

By djendrals Liver disorder itself it is diversified, with the number of patients was small. Number of people with hepatitis C only a...

KNOWING HEPATITIS C

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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
The
liver is one of a number of the most important organs in the human body has
about 500 functions vital to the sustainability of the process of metabolism.
It is therefore unlikely that a man can maintain his health without the
presence of liver. </div>
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Some
of the functions include: </div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Changing toxins, residues of
 drugs, alcohol and harmful substances produced by the body into elements
 that can be received by other organs to be removed through the kidneys and
 intestines. Many types of drugs should be digested in the liver before it
 works perfectly. </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Red blood cells break down old
 and changed hemoglobin (the substance that carries oxygen in red blood
 cells) into bile, and then channeled into the gallbladder for later
 purposes. If required, this bile is excreted into the intestine to help
 absorb vitamins and lipid emulsion is needed from food consumption. </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Produce, store and distribute
 glucose to all parts of the body. Besides also oversees cholesterol levels
 in the blood, process and produce as many as needed. </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Process the protein, as
 required to produce high levels of blood viscosity, to send nutrients to
 other organs and partly serves to produce immunity on infection. </li>
</ol>
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Other
functions are: </div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Processing carbohydrates, fats,
 protein and alcohol </li>
</ul>
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Digest
and produce bilirubin (from red blood cells), cholesterol, hormones and
medications. </div>
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Hepatitis C is a type of virus that attacks the liver. When
these viruses multiply, the virus kills liver cells and provoke the immune
system to fight back. This reaction can be fatal attack on the liver as
inflammation and / or scarring / fibrosis of the liver. If this continues to be
allowed to happen without treatment can result in the occurrence of serious
liver damage such as cirrhosis (hardening of the liver due to scarring) or
liver cancer. </div>
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 Most people who are infected with hepatitis C virus
progress to chronic hepatitis C. The infection becomes chronic (chronic)
because the immune system is no longer able to fight this virus. </div>
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You might think these conditions will make you increasingly
feel the pain over time. But keep in mind, for most people, hepatitis C are
asymptomatic, which means they do not feel any symptoms for years after
infection with hepatitis C. No one can be sure whether these symptoms will
occur at a later time. </div>
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Do not feel the symptoms of hepatitis C virus does not mean
not being damaging your liver. The virus can linger in your body without giving
a definite symptom. In fact, many people who do not feel the symptoms until
severe liver damage occur. That is why it is very important to test and consult
with your doctor about the treatment of hepatitis C. </div>
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Hepatitis
C is a liver disease caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV = hepatitis C virus).
Hepatitis C virus entry into liver cells, using the genetic machinery of the
cell to duplicate the Hepatitis C virus, and infect many other cells. 15% of
cases of Hepatitis C infection is acute, meaning that the body automatically clean
and there are no consequences. Unfortunately 85% of cases, hepatitis C
infection becomes chronic and slowly damages the liver for years. In that time,
the liver can be broken into cirrhosis (hardening of the liver),
end-stage liver disease and liver cancer. </div>
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 Diagnosis of Hepatitis C </div>
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Early
diagnosis is through a simple blood test to detect the presence of Hepatitis C
virus or the amount of virus present in the body tissues. If a virus is
detected in your body this means you have Hepatitis C. Then the doctor will
check the health of your heart. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
The
most common way used to examine or liver problems is through a liver function
test, a blood test that checks the chemicals in the body that is produced by
the liver to perform its functions work: </div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) - an enzyme which, when under normal circumstances
 inside the liver cells and in the blood. When liver cells damaged, these
 enzymes leak into the bloodstream, causing levels of ALT (SGPT) increased.
 Test ALT (SGPT) is only done once can not necessarily indicate how severe
 the destruction that has occurred and often people with chronic hepatitis
 C have levels of ALT (SGPT) normal. Other liver enzymes are usually
 measured through blood tests are AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase / Alanine
 Aminotransferase), GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase), and alkaline
 phosphatase.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Bilirubin - a yellow pigment that is channeled into the heart
 when the red blood cells burst. If the liver is not working properly then the
 levels of bilirubin in the blood will rise.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Albumin - a protein that is produced by the liver. Albumin may
 reflect a decrease in the number of poor liver function.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Prothrombin time - When it is damaged, the liver will fail to produce
 blood clotting substances in sufficient quantities. This test measures the
 clotting ability of blood. On impaired liver function Prothrombin Time
 (PT) compounds.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Complete blood count - complete blood count can help detect common conditions
 / whole liver. </li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
If
necessary your doctor may also perform a liver biopsy is a procedure that is
done by taking a small piece of liver tissue using a biopsy needle, which is
then analyzed under a microscope by a pathologist. Liver biopsy is usually
recommended for diagnosis of heart abnormalities or to determine the severity
of liver abnormalities. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
Transmission of Hepatitis C </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
Hepatitis
C virus is a virus contained in the blood, meaning the virus is spread /
transmitted through blood and blood products. Mode of transmission generally
include: </div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Needle puncture wound in health
 circles. </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Blood transfusion before mid
 1992 (after the 1992, blood banks began screening strictly for Hepatitis C
 by applying an effective way of checking).</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Injecting drug use (eg, use of
 the same syringe alternately). </li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
Other modes of transmission include:
</div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Acupuncture and piercings on
 the body with needles that are not sterilized or cleaned as appropriate.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Tattoos using a needle that is
 not sterilized or contaminated ink.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Use of personal care items
 alternately (eg. razors, toothbrushes, nail clippers) and household
 appliances that have been exposed to blood.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Cocaine use suction by using a
 straw or other similar device alternately between users. Use a straw to
 suck cocaine can lead to blood contact through cuts or scratches on the
 nose. </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">Sexual activity that causes
 bleeding or blood contact between an infected partner and are not infected
 (eg. through an open wound). </li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
Hepatitis
C virus is not transmitted through casual contact such as hugging, sneezing,
coughing or sitting close to people with Hepatitis C. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
Hepatitis
C is rarely transmitted through sexual activity. However, there is a tendency
for those who have multiple sexual partners also have a higher risk for
hepatitis C virus infection </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
One
- the only way to protect yourself is to avoid risky sexual behavior, such as
sexual intercourse with multiple partners or with a partner that health status
is not clear. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
Although
rare, Hepatitis C can also be transmitted from mother to child during
childbirth. Most research has estimated that the risk of transmission in this
way increased by 8%. Breastfeeding has not been found to be associated with the
transmission of hepatitis C virus   </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
 
If you or your partner suffer from
Hepatitis C, and you (if you're a wife) or your wife (if you are a husband) is
pregnant or you and your partner are planning to have children, you should
consult with your doctor about the precautions necessary performed. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
A
person who is infected with Hepatitis C can infect other people 2 weeks after
infection on her. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
By knowing the mode of transmission, then we can try to prevent
contracting Hepatitis C.</div>

By djendrals The liver is one of a number of the most important organs in the human body has about 500 functions vital to the sustainabi...

Thursday, July 26, 2012

Announcing Your Pregnancy

By djendrals When a woman finds out that she is pregnant it becomes difficult to think of something else. This results in the woman being ...

More Women Now Choose Pain Relief During Labor

By djendrals More women are opting for some type of pain relief during their labor and delivery, according to a study by the Department of...

Elliptical Trainer

<div style="text-align: justify;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">
The trend these days is to lose weight fast, a drastic action that brings the numbers down and let you start fresh, but we all know that you need to keep working out and keeping an eye on what you eat if you want to maintain what you have earned during your diet.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
 </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The elliptical trainer is an excersice equipment that is an developed and upgraded kind of gym machine, it is built with the purpose to stimulate the muscles involved in aerobic excersice like running or walking but is planned in such a way that it eliminates the pressure usually placed on different joints in the body so that only the muscles are working and the pressure is not involved, this eliminates the risk of damage to the joints or injuries as a result of this activity.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
 </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The huge benefits for the elliptical trainer user is that this machine is perfect for cardiovascular excersice and will not only help workout with a significant decrease of injury risk but also help to focus on the part you are interested in developing. The elliptical trainer is designed to develop the upper and lower body of the person using it, by using a special movable upper body trainer installed.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
 </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Most of the elliptical trainers on the market are planned to increase heart rate more than they are directed at developing muscle mass and power, much like the treadmill these machines have been found to have superior ability in increasing the users fitness and are also very effective in calorie expenditure, which means that the elliptical trainer is one of the most practical machines you can use if you want to loss weight and workout as you do it. The uniqueness of the elliptical trainer is that it is almost without risk of any orthopedic injury, and you avoid the risks involved in pressure on any parts of your body.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
 </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The market has many different models of the elliptical trainer and it is very important to decide on what features you need before you even start shopping, there is also a wide range of prices for the elliptical trainer, but we can confidently say that overall this is not a cheap machine to buy.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
 </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Some elliptical trainers have an electric option to them, adding a lot of more options that you may want to use, if you plan to use the trainer a lot you may want to consider purchasing one that has some advanced features like setup programs and work different groups of muscles, as well as monitor your advancement over time.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
 </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
If you are interested in just getting some kind of workout machine for your home you probably need a less sophisticated machine, but it is a shame to buy something you are going to use on a daily basis only to discover that other models have features that you could have benefited from with a moderate addition to what you spent, and this is the prime reason you should research this market before buying a machine.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
 </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
So do your homework, decide on what features are important to you, make sure your purchase is covered, and enjoy your elliptical trainer.</div>

By djendrals The trend these days is to lose weight fast, a drastic action that brings the numbers down and let you start fresh, but we al...

Tuesday, July 24, 2012

OVERVIEW OF MALE MENOPAUSE

<div style="text-align: justify;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">
Utter the word menopause, and most people immediately picture the middle aged woman. It's very unlikely that any American woman will reach her 40s without some knowledge of menopause lurking in her future. Pharmaceutical and herbal companies are wooing the woman, seeing her as a soon-to-be customer. She cannot help but be aware that she will experience at least some of the well known symptoms of menopause: hot flashes, moodiness, depression, insomnia, night sweats, thinning hair, vaginal dryness, and loss of libido. For all the attention given to women and their experiences with menopause, there is very little literature or advertising aimed toward the middle aged man. But men often do experience changes between the ages of 40 and 70 that are part of a phenomenon called andropause. Like his female counterpart, the "menopausal" man may experience mood swings or irritability, thinning hair, loss of bone density, sleeplessness, weight gain due to shifting metabolism, and various sexual problems like decline in libido, difficulty achieving or maintaining erections, less than rigid erections, and decreased sensation. Yet, for a couple of reasons, male menopause has not received the same attention as female menopause, nor has help dealing with the symptoms been as easy to come by. When a woman experiences menopause, the most obvious sign of her fertility / her monthly cycle ceases. This is obvious and measurable. Also, women are typically more open about discussing problems and willing to seek help from professionals and from peers. Men's symptoms, on the other hand, are usually subtle and less noticeable. In addition, men are often expected to maintain a stoic attitude about problems they may be having. Men are less likely to consult with their physicians about symptoms that don't seem life-threatening. It's unfortunate that male menopause isn't addressed with doctors, since there are steps a man can take to make his transition into his golden years more comfortable. If people are aware of male menopause, that is, andropause, they are likely to believe it's caused by a decline in testosterone. While the decline in testosterone levels is part of the problem, the whole situation is much more complicated than that. There is a mix of hormones and proteins in the male system that must be kept in balance for sexual health and optimal functionality. It's the disruption of this balance as the man ages that is responsible for the symptoms of male menopause. For this reason, simply treating the menopausal man with testosterone may not be enough. Experts recommend that men dealing with shifting hormones should exercise, adhere to a healthy diet, monitor alcohol intake, and refrain from smoking. In addition, there are certain formulas men can take to readjust the balance of hormones necessary for well-being. Some of these treatments are by prescription only, while others are more along the herbal lines of treatment, and may be gotten without a doctor's prescription. A menopausal male should follow the same plan of attack as women have for decades: he should take care of himself, familiarize himself with what is going on inside his body, confide in friends who are experiencing the same symptoms, and consult a professional for advice on medication or supplements to address the imbalance in his aging body. Then he will be able to sail through his own change of life knowing that he has done all he can to help himself.</div>

By djendrals Utter the word menopause, and most people immediately picture the middle aged woman. It's very unlikely that any American...

Tuesday, April 10, 2012

Different Types Of Pregnancy Test

<div style="text-align: justify;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">
If you believe yourself to be pregnant and are interested in using a test to determine the results factually, know that the tests sold over the counter that use urine to detect the pregnancy hormone are incredibly effective. Unlike in days gone by when the only reliable way to determine whether you are indeed pregnant was to visit your primary health care provider's office, these home tests allow you to determine whether or not you need to see a provider. Keep in mind that if you test positive for any type of home pregnancy test, you should be sure to immediately schedule an appointment with your primary health care provider. This is essential due to complications like an ectopic tubal pregnancies, where the egg lodges in the Fallopian tube and can cause a great deal of pain and medical issues if left untreated. A test will still determine that you are pregnant, although the pregnancy may not be normal or necessarily healthy. 
 
There are two main types of pregnancy tests, those that use urine and those that use blood. Both tests are designed to detect the hormone known as human chorionic gonadotropin. Commonly known as hCG, this hormone is produced when the placenta begins to develop once the embryo successfully attaches to the uterine lining. Although blood tests tend to have less false readings, the presence of this hCG hormone can easily be found in a urine based test. Generally, doctors will perform a blood test in order to determine whether or not you are pregnant. In addition to testing for the presence of hCG, a doctor may wish to run another panel to determine your overall health and levels of vitamins or nutrients. This will provide your physician with a base line for which to prescribe prenatal vitamins and medications that will ensure both mother and child are kept healthy. 
If you purchase a urine based pregnancy test, there are two main options available. The first option sees the woman urinating in a cup and then inserting a special stick into the cup for a given period of time. This test generally has more accurate results since the instructions are more likely to be followed. Usually, if you visit a clinic and they issues you a urine based test, this is the type of test that you will receive. However, the most popular method of pregnancy tests available over the counter are those that require the woman to hold a special stick in a stream of urine for a certain amount of time. These tests tend to be the most popular since there is less mess and clean up required in this method. There are even versions of this test that can detect the hCG pregnancy hormone almost immediately after the embryo has implanted in the uterine wall. 
 
For those individuals who are far too anxious to receive the news than the necessary waiting period required for even the earliest versions of the urine tests, a blood test should be used. Blood tests can be administered up to seven days after a possible conception, so they are a favorite among couples that are experiencing infertility problems. Furthermore, a blood test can more accurately measure the level of hCG found in a woman's body so that potential problems or complications with the pregnancy can be immediately identified. However, keep in mind that you must visit a doctor's office in order to have a blood test to determine whether or not you are pregnant. This will often cause you to incur costs associated with the visit and the testing fees. If money is a concern, many women's clinics provide pregnancy testing for a minimal cost. </div>

By djendrals If you believe yourself to be pregnant and are interested in using a test to determine the results factually, know that the t...

Thursday, March 15, 2012

Diet Tips For Busy Women

<div style="text-align: justify;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Staying on your diet can be a challenge for anyone, but for a busy working mom the challenges can be especially tough. A busy lifestyle can make it impossible to get to the gym for a daily workout, prepare your meals ahead of time, or even to remember to pack your lunch for work each day. Being in a rush can make it difficult to stick to your diet when it's so easy to grab something at the drivethrough. Here's a collection of hints and tips from other busy women that will help you stay on your diet despite all the temptations. 
 
Don't try to 'save time' by eating on the run, or snacking at your desk while you work. No matter how rushed you are, take the time to eat like a civilized human being, to quote my mother. Set the table, put your food on a plate and have a meal. You'll eat less and feel fuller - and not feel the urge to snack because you 'haven't eaten anything all day'. 
 
Cook just what will be eaten. Ignore all those homemaker articles that suggest that you 'cook for tomorrow' to save time. Cook one portion per person at each meal. That way you'll avoid the temptation to finish off the leftover - and teach your family healthy eating habits. 
 
Get up early enough to eat breakfast at home. The morning rush to get ready may make it tempting to grab something on the way to work, or skip breakfast entirely. Don't do it. You'll end up eating up all that saved time - and a lot more calories - with midmorning trips to the snack machine, or fight off the blahs all morning long. Stock up on easy breakfast foods. A piece of fruit, a container of yogurt and a slice of toast are a healthy, balanced start for your day.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
Most diets suggest that you drink at least eight 8 ounce glasses of water a day. If the thought of drinking a half gallon of water makes you queasy, there are ways to make it more appealing. Stock up on flavored bottled water in the fridge at work and keep one icy cold on your desk. At home, float mint sprigs or lemon slices in a crystal pitcher. There's no added calories, but oh what a difference in presentation and flavor! 
 
Trying to lose baby weight can be frustrating. You want to take it off as quickly as possible - but your body may not be cooperative. Keep in mind that your body is designed to nourish a child for up to a year after you give birth. Putting it on a starvation diet will kick it into survival gear, making it even harder to lose the extra weight. Instead of fighting your body's natural tendency to store up nutrition for the baby, eat healthy portions and increase your activity level. And if you're breastfeeding, remember that your body needs up to 1000 more calories a day than usual. Don't skimp - you'll just convince your body that it's starving. 
 
Employ the buddy system for moral support. Making a pact with a friend to exercise together makes it easier to stick to your resolution. Instead of meeting with friends for lunch, challenge friends to a tennis game, or take a brisk walk in the park together. 
 
Remember that a healthy, active lifestyle and a nutritious diet are the true keys to losing weight permanently. By choosing a diet that makes sense for your lifestyle, you'll make it easier on yourself to lose weight, and keep it off for good. 
</div>

By djendrals Staying on your diet can be a challenge for anyone, but for a busy working mom the challenges can be especially tough. A busy ...

Saturday, March 10, 2012

Healthy Pregnancy Tip: Supplements To Avoid

<div style="text-align: justify;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Prenatal vitamins are an important source of folate and other vital nutrients during pregnancy. And many women, with the popularity of herbal medicine, take other herbs during pregnancy. Some of these herbs they may have been taking before, for an existing condition. Others, they may take to help cope with some of the physical difficulties that go with pregnancy. The following supplements and food additives should be avoided during pregnancy to avoid potential problems with the health of the baby.</div><ol style="text-align: justify;"><li>Quinine: Quinine is found in many drinks like tonic water, and these are popular as a result of their slightly bitter taste. But it was found that one woman who drunk more than 1 liter of tonic water a day whilst she was pregnant had a baby that was suffering withdrawal symptoms when it was born. It had nervous tremors within a day of being born, which disappeared two months later. Germany's BfR (Federal Institute for Risk Assessment) recommends that pregnant women treat quinine drinks, no matter how small the amount of quinine in them, as a medicinal product, and avoid them as a precaution during pregnancy.</li>
<li>Ginseng: One of the more than 20 active constituents of ginseng was found by researchers at the Chinese University of the Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital to be a possible cause for concern for pregnant women. These researchers were measuring the effect of this active principle on fetal development in rats. And they found that, relating to the dose, rat embryonic development was affected. Higher doses meant a higher level of abnormalities, according to the markers of development their study used.</li>
<li>Now, this study was one done on rat embryos, and so may not translate into similar effects on humans. And it only studied the effects of one of ginseng's active constituents, which was a ginsenoside called Rb1. Ginseng actually has over 20 ginsenosides, and other studies have found that these each have different actions. One of the difficulties with studying active constituents in herbal medicine is that the whole herbal extract may have a very different overall effect than a single constituent. This is because of the way active principles both work together and counteract each other. These two aspects, the fact that the study was not done on humans, and does not measure the overall effect of the whole ginseng extract, mean that its results should be treated cautiously. As a safety precaution, at this time it is best to at least avoid ginseng supplements during the first trimester, as the authors of the study suggest, and probably for the whole of the pregnancy. But ginseng should certainly not be branded dangerous as a result of this research as it is only a very preliminary finding in the overall picture, and more points the way as to where further research needs to be done.</li>
<li>Ginkgo Biloba: Ginkgo biloba is another supplement that is best avoided whilst pregnant. Researchers at Wayne State University in Detroit found one of the constituents of ginkgo biloba in the placenta of women who had taken ginkgo supplements. This particular constituent, an alkaloid called colchicine, can be fatal in high doses, though medicinally, it has great anti-inflammatory effects. Other research has found that cochicine can harm a growing fetus. The potential problem with taking ginkgo supplements regularly whilst pregnant is that colchicine can build up in the womb, like caffeine when taken in excess of the recommended maximum amounts. The researchers did stress that there was no link established in the study between ginkgo and complications in the pregnancy, the study only looked at levels of colchicine in the womb. </li>
</ol>

By djendrals Prenatal vitamins are an important source of folate and other vital nutrients during pregnancy. And many women, with the popul...

Tips For Curing Acid Reflux

By djendrals You have just enjoyed a heavy, delicious meal and are looking forward to relaxing. Suddenly, you encounter a painful and burn...

Bone Up On Vitamin D

By djendrals Weak, fragile bones and susceptibility to fractures-these are some of the painful consequences of the debilitating bone diseas...

How Anxiety And Depression Are Connected

<div style="text-align: justify;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Depression is a disorder that does not get nearly enough attention. Depressed people are often told to "cheer up" or to "look at the bright side" of things, and may spiral even deeper when they are unable to simply snap out of the mood that has such a hold on them. While depression can often lead to fatigue and listlessness, it has a close cousin by the name of anxiety. Anxiety causes the opposite effect, putting our bodies into the "fight or flight" mode that protected us in the wild.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Anxiety attacks can feel like heart attacks, and even at more moderate levels, anxiety can have a dangerous and very negative effect on our lives and on our quality of living. Anxiety can also lead into depression, when a sense of worry and fear for the future leads into the sense of helplessness and hopelessness. That is a classic symptom of depression. Depression and anxiety are often seen together, and can sometimes lead into one another.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Anxiety is a way of describing a certain way of feeling. It may represent a sense of fear, dread, or a sense that you are in immediate danger, even when you are safe and have no reason to feel this way. There are several different kinds of anxiety disorders, including phobias or irrational fears, situational anxiety, panic disorders, generalized anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorders among others.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">These disorders can lead to a state of almost constant high stress, and can affect your daily life much to the worse. You may be unable to function in certain situations, or you may come to fear leaving your own home, and if untreated, the symptoms of anxiety disorders can lead to many of the same problems as depression, including insomnia or a reluctance or fear to leave the house or to be around other people.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Anxiety symptoms can also feel like heart attacks, with palpitations, shortness of breath, chest pains, and more. You might begin trembling and shaking, your mouth might go dry, and you might become dizzy from the stress of the situation. The body becomes "hyped up" by your reaction to the situation, and your senses go into a sort of overdrive that is unlike the depression of the system that happens when you suffer from clinical depression.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Depression disorder actually slows the body in some ways, making you feel sluggish rather than ready to run or fight, and hopeless rather than actively panicked or fearful. If you have been suffering from anxiety attacks, the attacks themselves may lead into depression because of the hopelessness that you feel at the hands of the attacks and because of the fears that are associated with possibly having another attack.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">If your anxiety symptoms have changed to include listlessness, a disinterest in things that used to engage you, or feelings of hopelessness and self-loathing, then you may now be suffering from depression disorder, and should be treated accordingly for your medical condition.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Depression is not a constant state of being, nor is anxiety. You might think that because you have a good number of "good days" that your depressive days are just bad moments that will pass, however depression can become worse over time if it is not treated and taken care of, and can lead to suicide if left untreated long enough.</div>

By djendrals Depression is a disorder that does not get nearly enough attention. Depressed people are often told to "cheer up" or...

Wednesday, October 19, 2011

HEMANGIOMA

<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">By <a href="https://www.djendrals.my.id/?m=1" target="_blank">djendrals</a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">Hemangioma is a lesion that growth can be predicted, these lesions can be evoluted, and also aimed at vascular lesions found in adults who do not experience regression and sometimes experienced progression. The origins of the terminology on the basis of the appearance of abnormalities and maternal impressions, such as strawberry hemangiomas, cherry angiomas, port-wine stains and salmon patches. Virchow then make a histopathological classification of the first, divided into three: angioma simplex, angioma cavernosum, and angioma racemosim, and ambiguous terminology is still survive in the modern medical books until now. Diagnosis for these lesions is really not easy to do because naming of the description of ambiguous and not appropriate proficiency level, therefore, clinical correlation is needed to make a final diagnosis.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"> 
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">CLASSIFICATION<a class="cssButton" href="javascript:void(0)" id="publishButton" target=""></a> 
<div class="cssButtonOuter"><div class="cssButtonMiddle"><div class="cssButtonInner"><a class="cssButton" href="javascript:void(0)" id="publishButton" target=""></a></div></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: left;"></div>Mulliken and Glowacki in 1982 proposed a classification system for vascular birthmarks that connects the history of the emergence of these birthmarks and physical examination with the cellular picture. They divided the vascular lesions of infancy and the kids into two major types: hemangiomas, with endothelial hyperplasia, and malformations, with normal endothelial changes. The key of the terminology is the word "oma" is derived from the Greek language, which was originally meaning "a lump or tumor". When this suffix is used for a term that describes lesions that grow from the cell proliferation. Most of hemangioma during infancy did not appear at birth but appear postnatally. Grew rapidly during the first year (proliferative phase), slowed, then regresses spontaneously in childhood (involuting phase), and then stabilized (involuted phase). 
 Histologically, proliferative phase has the character of an increase in mitotic activity, whereas in apoptotic phase of involution occurs, fibrosis occurs slowly and infiiltrasi fat. While the vascular malformation is a wrong morphogenesis that appear at 40-10 weeks in intrauterine life. Most of the vascular malformations appear at birth, or not appear at birth but appear a year later. If it has appeared it will continue to grow in proportion with the growth of the patient, however, rapid growth can grow due to trauma, hormonal changes, thrombosis, infection, or surgical intervention. In histology, vascular malformations have kareakteristik canal dilated, with an abnormal vascular wall, and endothelial quiet. There are classifies hemangiomas as follows: Superficial, Deep, Mixed, based on the location of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. It would be more appropriate terminology for these two disorders based on the use classification of vascular anomalies.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">FREQUENCY 
Eighty percent growth as a single tumor, 20% multiple. Hemangiomas appear more in women than in men, with a ratio of 3-5:1. Incidence is more on baby as much as 10-12% were white, and about 22% found in premature infants weighing less than 1000 grams.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 
Hemangioma is a vascular network consisting of endothelial cells to proliferate. Proliferation is not regular at first, but over time become a regular form blood vessels in the form of lobules with lumen containing blood cells. Growth properties of endothelial cells is benign and has a thin basal membrane. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Proliferation is slowed and eventually stopped. The hypothesis of Takahashi stated that in the last trimester of pregnancy, the fetus is formed in the immature endothelial cells with pericyte is also immature, have the ability to perform limited proliferation began at age 8 months to 18 months of the first period of life after being born so there was hemangioma. During the proliferative activity of the endothelium occurs influx of a number of mast cells (as a proliferative stimulus endothelium) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP or tissue growth inhibitors). Endothelium proliferation returned to normal after stopping the proliferation phase (involution).</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> 
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">RESULT AND PROGNOSIS</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Most hemangiomas occur during the early months of life, proliferates and peaked at age 1 year, and after it undergoes involution slowly. 50% experienced a complete involution by age 5 years. Seventy percent at age 7 years, and continued improvement until the age of 10-12 years. The exception of congenital hemangioma, which appear at birth usually regresses by age 1 year. Unlike vascular malformations, hemangiomas rarely cause distortion of the bones and excess growth except for a large facial hemangioma.</div>

By djendrals Hemangioma is a lesion that growth can be predicted, these lesions can be evoluted, and also aimed at vascular lesions found i...